Maybe you have seen this glacier, maybe you would like to travel there, or maybe your choice was completely random. If you have your own personal picture of the glacier that you would like to share, please include it as Figure EX1. Your lab instructor would love to see it. You can choose to copyright it or release as Creative Commons by using this copyright builder.
A description of the image source. The source of all images used in any report should be described. The aspect of the glacier. The aspect of the glacier indicates the direction that the glacier is facing or sloping down towards north, east, west, or south-facing.
The maximum and minimum elevation of the glacier based on interpolating between the contour lines. Whether or not the glacier originates from a cirque or valley glacier.
The image source and the date accessed. In this figure, you will try to depict any evidence of the past maximum extent of your glacier during the Little Ice Age. The Little Ice Age was a period of cool climate when glaciers in Europe and North America advanced from their current positions. The evidence left on the landscape from these advances includes trimlines and moraines that wrapped around the edges and toe of the glacier.
How to Search and Download Satellite Imagery. Real-time closed captioning and transcript are available on YouTube. What is the likelihood of the glacier disappearing in the current climate regime? Please refer to the visual evidence described in the lab introduction that supports your prediction.
What observations are you basing your hypothesis on? This involves describing the visual evidence you used. Last updated , February Pelto, M. Forecasting temperate alpine glacier survival from accumulation zone observations. The Cryosphere 4 , 67— Skip to content In this lab you will be using your understanding of glacial processes to make observations and measurements documenting and predicting the consequences of climate change for a Canadian alpine glacier.
After completion of this lab, you will be able to Make observations, identify, and appreciate the consequences of global warming for alpine glaciers. Analyze the characteristics of alpine glaciers in order to make predictions regarding the future survival of a glacier. Acquire and interpret remotely sensed imagery. Communicate effectively regarding the impacts of global warming for British Columbian glaciers. Step 1: Choose a glacier. Open The Atlas of Canada — Toporama. Warning: this site loads slowly.
If all you see is a link to GeoGratis, give it a few more moments to load a map. Explore the mountainous regions within Canada and choose an alpine glacier somewhere in Canada that you would like to study. In Toporama, you will see white areas denoting alpine areas, and then blue areas within the alpine areas denoting glacial ice.
Glaciers are labelled in pink. Many Canadian glaciers are not named, however you may want to choose one that is for ease of reference. Determine the geographic grid coordinates latitude and longitude of your glacier in decimal degrees.
In Toporama, this is done by clicking on the Menu drop-down in your Toporama viewer and the Get coordinates from the map tool. Click on your glacier and record the decimal degrees of your location. Ensure that there is good satellite imagery for your chosen glacier in Google Earth Web. We can therefore use the formula of length X width divided by two to calculate the area. X ……….. For comparison, calculate the area of the Nile Delta in km square from world maps.
Km square 5. Some of the rivers along the eastern coast of the USA have been drowned by the sea. The flooded river channels and their tributaries look like branches of trees or leaves of trees with their network of inter-connecting arteries. Give the names of 5 such drowned rivers : ………………………………………..
They look like white lines off the coast of the eastern USA. The highest elevation of the Delta is at …………………. The sands of the Delta have been whipped up by winds to form dunes at the end of the Ice Age.
The symbol for dunes on this map is a line of V s. The predominant direction of the dunes reflects the wind direction at the time. Since then, the dunes have been stabilized by vegetation and the land is used for grazing animals with some crop farming in between.
What type of dunes do they appear to be? Besides the name of the valley, any other location names that suggest the absence of life? Any location that suggests a yardang resembling a vegetable? Any locations that suggest there could be water below the surface? Any location names that suggest periodic surface water in the area? Any location names that suggest the occurrence of specific metal deposits I the area?
Any location name that suggest visitors may be disappointed if they wander in that area? A rock outcrop that has been sculpted by the wind would be found in ……………………………………. What is the difference in elevation between the tallest peak and the lowest part of the valley? Highest minus lowest ………………..
There is a record in elevation within this area that applies to all the USA. What is it in feet and in meters? What kind of water is implied by the Badwater Basin? Items to watch: - dry lakes - military bases that use dried up lakes as airfields - names of places, lakes valleys that suggest a desert environment such as salt, alkali, soda, mirage, Salinas, etc Total area of the state of California is about , sq km Show your calculations, if you make some Estimate approx.
Estimate the scale on this picture to calculate how far is the front of the storm. Need world map or a globe to calculate distances. They have encountered a dramatic increase in the salinity of surface water and surface soils. Land cleaning or the removal of natural vegetation deep-rooted and replacement with shallow rooted agricultural plants has altered hydrological patterns.
The results include an increase in groundwater recharge and discharge thus bringing salts to the surface. There are many factors that influence the development of salinity: climate, geology, soils, geomorphology and vegetation.
At the moment the subject is under study as they are trying to find out the causes, the effects and the methods to fix it, if possible. Since Australia is known to be a big desert, it is critical to know how much good land remains if you also exclude the true deserts.
Australia has an area of about 7,, sq km Percentage of area labeled human — induced salinity ………………………………….. Thus, by it would become ………………………….. On the maps they are shown as small round outlines surrounded by bigger rounded outlines.
Although they are volcanic in origin, the volcanoes have become inactive for a very long period of time, therefore, the high ground has been eroded away. They are shown without colors. In contrast, there are islands with high ground from active volcanoes or recently active volcanoes, such as Fiji Hawaii, etc Name six nations which are currently sinking as the sea level rises.
North of the Equator South of the Equator ……………………………. The average sea level is rising slowly as the glaciers are melting. By how much is the question that a lot of people living at or near the seashore are asking. Unfortunately, no one has the answer. But it is time to get prepared. Florida is one of the vulnerable places, because a big portion of it is perilously close to sea level.
In the accompanying road map of Florida, numerous elevation data have been obtained and written out on the map. Numbers are average elevation level in meters above mean sea level. In the attached small-scale map of Florida trace approximately the - the 5 meter above sea level contour - the 10 meter contour How much of Florida will be flooded by the sea if the sea level rises by A. As a result of this pressure rocks were broken along lines called thrust faults and pushed over younger formations.
Thrust faults occupy lines with the west side moving over the east side and are shown with arrows in the sections attached. Thrust faults provide some of the spectacular scenery to tourists and residents of places like Banff and Jasper. There are two sections, one across Southern Cordillera and one across Northern Cordillera. Southern Cordillera: Roughly how many thrust faults can you count?
Northern Cordillera: Here there are only a few. How many can count? As you move away from the hot spot the pile of lava creates the chain of volcanic islands we call Hawaii. The age of this lava increases away from the hot spot because the ocean floor is moving towards the NW. You are given the list of volcanic islands with the average ages in thousands or millions of years. Lab Weather Forecasting. Lab Local Climate Data Analysis. Lab Climate Analysis with Virtual Globes. Lab Atmospheric Moisture and Stability.
Lab Surface Water Balance. Lab Environmental Controls on Biogeography. Lab 12A: Map Skills I. Lab 12B: Map Skills I. Lab GPS Orienting. Lab Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Lab Measuring and Analyzing Slope. Lab Water Cycle and Water Resources. Lab Fluvial Geomorphology and Landforms. Lab Alpine Glacial Processes. Lab Coastal Geomorphology. Tutorial Instructor Notes. Lab 01 Instructor Notes.
Lab 02 Instructor Notes. Lab 03 Instructor Notes. Versioning History. Physical geography lab exercises tend to be crafted for internal institutional use only. In light of the need to have online laboratory material for remote instruction, a group of geography instructors from across British Columbia BC , Canada came together for this collaborative project with the goal of producing a cross-institutional open education resource OER laboratory manual for first-year post-secondary physical geography courses.
The lab manual consists of 24 labs that cover an introduction to physical geography, weather and climate, biogeography, map and geospatial skills, hydrology, geomorphology, and landform identification.
Many of the labs have a BC setting; however, they are useable across Canada and further abroad. The majority of the labs have been developed so that they can be done in any order to increase instructor flexibility and promote adaptability to differing course structures and durations. Many of the labs have students using live data, or built-in flexibility with datasets for instructors in order to prevent the lab exercises becoming static over time. The lab manual is licenced under a creative common license refer to licensing information so that the lab modules can be modified as needed by instructors to meet the learning outcomes of their students.
The second edition features substantial revisions to the labs and instructor notes for consistency and effectiveness, a reordering of the lab numbers, and two new labs lab 07 and It may differ from the original.
0コメント